Wasps Chew Up Wood to Make Paper Nests and Combs.
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Wasps Chew Up Wood to Make Paper Nests and Combs. |
Wood Healing Around Insect Gall |
Bark Healing Over Insect Gall |
Wood Healing Around Insect Gall |
Wood Healing Around Insect Gall |
Wood Healing Over Insect Gall |
Tunnel Through Bark |
Frass Under Bark |
Tree Trunk |
| Three views of one tunnel. Note that the frass, or insect debris, which collected in the gap between the bark and the wood, contains both dark brown dust and lung strips of wood chewed from the tree. | ||
Insect Tunnel Oozing Sap |
Tunnel Oozing Sap |
Tunnels Through Bark |
Trunk Side of Tunnel Gallery |
| Above and below, this insect tunneled in the bark and left light colored traces on the wood. |
Bark Side of Tunnel Gallery |
Bark Side of Tunnel Gallery |
Trunk Side of Tunnel Gallery |
| Note tunnels and frass are in the bark and white colored traces, probably fungal, on the wood. | |
Tunnels in Bark |
Tunnel in Wood Across Grain |
Tunnel in Wood, Main Gallery Across Grain Other Species Cut Similar Galleries Along the Grain. |
Three Types of Tunnels |
Two Types of Tunnels in Oak |
Tunnel in Pine |
Tunnels in Oak |
Connected Tunnels of Various Sizes Different Stages of Growth? |
Tunnels |
Tunnels |
Tunnels |
Tunnels |
Tunnels |
Tunnels |
Tunnels |
Tunnels |
Tunnels |
Tunnels |
This Tunnel Healed Less than a Year before the Tree Died. |
This Tunnel Healed About a Year before the Tree Died. |
Bridge Over Tunnel Maybe the tunnel did not destroy the xylem and phloem in the center, focusing the sap flow and wood growth. |
A Year of Recovery A killed area and some healed tunnels |
Two Attacks a Few Years Apart |
Where the Bark Died it Adhered Well to the Wood. |
A similar effect at a Saw Cut |
Tunnel Traces in Rotting Wood |
Tunnels, Wood Discoloration |
Tunnels |
Tunnels |
Tunnels |
Tunnels |
Twigs Show Direction of Tunnels. |
Woodpecker Opened Carpenter Ant Stump |
Insect Tunnels |
Insect Tunnels |
Insect Tunnels |
Woodpecker Opened Insect Tunnels |
Woodpecker Opened Insect Tunnels |
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Above, the four claws of a Black Bear Urus americanus made scratches perhaps months ago, long enough for plant juices to stop flowing and dry. Below, similar scratches have been healing for a year or two.
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Healed Bear Scratch |
| This tree survived and healed about one year after an American Black Bear Ursus americanus marked it by scratching through the bark. |
North American Beaver Castor canadensis Felled Tree |
Beaver Gnaw Marks |
Line of Sapsucker Holes |
Line of Sapsucker Holes |
Lines of Sapsucker Holes Healing |
Sapsucker Holes |
Sapsucker Holes |
Woodpecker and Beetle Holes |
Woodpecker and Beetle Holes |
A Woodpecker Opened These Bug Tunnels.
A Bear Opened This Tree. |
Woodpecker Nest Tunnel |
Woodpecker Nest Tunnel |
| Above and Below, the woodpecker killed the bark around the entrance to the nest tunnel. |
Woodpecker Nest Tunnel |
Woodpecker Nest Tunnel |
Woodpecker Nest Cavity |
